This valley is situated near La Serena, about 500 km from the capital of Chile, Santiago. It is formed by the course of the river which bears the same name, and runs up towards the Andes mountains. Two of the most important towns, which should not be missed are Vicuña, with the Gabriela Mistral Museum, and Monte Grande, where there is a memorial to the poet.

Papaya is one of the most important products of the valley and this fruit is offered in a variety of products. The valley is also a great attraction for tourists as a center of spiritual development.

Situated in the valley are the Cerro Mamalluca Municipal Observatory and the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory.